Morgellons Lesion Treatment: What the Evidence Says About Wound Care, Marijuana, Methylene Blue & Psilocybin

Morgellons Lesion TREATMENT • Wound Care • Patient Function

For many patients, the urgent problem is not an abstract debate about fibers. It is a visible lesion that will not heal, interferes with work and relationships, and may reveal microscopic filaments only after tissue or crust is examined closely.

The short answer: Effective Morgellons lesion treatment begins by managing the problem as a chronic wound: document it, identify factors delaying closure, protect the skin, treat confirmed infection or inflammation, and measure progress. Recent literature provides only preliminary, hypothesis-generating observations about topical methylene-blue photodynamic therapy, marijuana-derived wound formulations, and—separately—psilocybin in cellular-aging models and one neuropsychiatric tick-borne case. None has been tested in a controlled Morgellons trial. Findings from other conditions or laboratory systems are not transferable, and none should replace ordinary wound evaluation.

If you read nothing else

  • Document the wound with consistent photographs and measurements.
  • Protect the healing surface with clinician-appropriate wound care.
  • Watch for warning signs such as spreading redness, fever, escalating pain, pus or black tissue.
  • Stop touching, picking, squeezing and repeatedly inspecting it so new tissue has a chance to remain intact.
  • Ask a clinician to investigate delayed healing rather than letting an ineffective experiment continue indefinitely.

Searching for Morgellons lesion treatment often leads away from the problem a patient actually needs solved: an erosion, ulcer or crusted sore that remains visible week after week. A lesion on the face, arms or legs can affect employment, clothing, intimacy and the willingness to be seen in public. That functional burden deserves treatment whether the ultimate cause is infectious, inflammatory, neuropathic, behavioral or still unresolved.

Illustrative lived experience

In my case, the lesions came first; I noticed the filament pattern only after examining a scab under a microscope my sister-in-law gave me. Individual filaments were not obvious to my naked eye, although aggregated material could appear fuzz-like at a lesion margin. This is one patient’s experience, not a diagnostic rule. It illustrates the functional burden of a persistent wound, not evidence about its cause or the origin of any filament. The main anxiety was loss of ordinary function—work, clothing, intimacy and dating while visible sores invited judgment—not simply fear of an invisible organism.

Morgellons Lesion Treatment: The Presentation This Article Addresses

This article deliberately narrows its clinical question. It addresses people with persistent or slow-healing lesions plus microscopic or barely visible filaments reported beneath skin, embedded within tissue or crust, projecting from a lesion, or aggregating into fuzz-like clumps. Descriptive Morgellons literature notes that magnification may be required and that filaments may sometimes appear above the skin as loosely clumped “fuzz balls.”

That is a scope definition, not a validated diagnostic standard. Open or ointment-covered wounds readily collect lint, hair and dressing fibers, so visible fuzz alone cannot establish tissue origin. The more defensible observation is a filament documented in place—before removal—with its relationship to intact skin, wound edge, crust or tissue recorded. Histology or material analysis may answer questions that a photograph cannot.

For specimen context and photography limits, see our guides to Morgellons fibers and Morgellons testing.

A narrow working definition: The treatment target here is the slow-healing lesion and its effect on function. Microscopic filaments help define the presentation under discussion, but they do not by themselves identify the cause or select an antimicrobial.

Three Evidence Levels in Morgellons Lesion Treatment

1

Standard wound and diagnosis-directed care

A clinician cleans and protects the wound, evaluates circulation and metabolic factors, and treats a confirmed problem such as secondary infection, inflammatory skin disease or contact injury.

2

Symptom and function management

Treatment may reduce pain, itching, sleep loss or distress and make work, relationships and public life more manageable without proving why the lesion developed.

3

Experimental lesion-directed care

Topical methylene-blue photodynamic therapy and marijuana-derived formulations have been studied only indirectly in other wound settings. Psilocybin has been reported in cellular-aging models and one uncontrolled neuropsychiatric tick-borne case, neither of which is wound care or lesion evidence. No controlled Morgellons data exist for any of these approaches, and the findings are not transferable.

These categories matter. A lesion can improve because it was protected, because a secondary infection resolved, because manipulation stopped, or because an experimental intervention helped. Improvement is meaningful, but without controls it does not identify which component worked or establish the underlying cause.

A 2025 review in Archives of Dermatological Research screened 167 full-text studies and found zero randomized controlled trials evaluating Morgellons-specific treatments. The authors called for standardized criteria, multicenter observational work and then controlled trials. That makes a narrow lesion outcome especially useful: wound area, drainage, pain, closure and recurrence can be measured even while the broader disease classification remains disputed.

Treat the slow-healing lesion before arguing about its name

A chronic wound is a clinical problem with a broad differential diagnosis. A clinician should record its duration, location, dimensions, depth, edge, surrounding skin, pain, drainage and prior treatments, then ask why normal closure has stalled. Possibilities include bacterial or fungal infection, eczema or contact dermatitis, inflammatory ulcer disease, poor circulation, diabetes, nutritional deficiency, medication effects, repeated friction or manipulation, neuropathy and—less commonly—skin cancer or another atypical process.

Seek prompt care for warning signs

Rapidly spreading redness, warmth, swelling, pus, foul odor, fever, red streaking, escalating pain, black tissue, exposed deeper structures, facial or eye involvement, or a wound in an immunocompromised patient warrants prompt medical evaluation. These findings should not wait for the broader Morgellons question to be settled.

Establish a reproducible baseline

Photograph the lesion under the same lighting and distance with a ruler in frame. Record length, width, drainage, pain and itch. If filaments are relevant, photograph them in place at the wound edge, within crust or beneath apparently intact skin before removing anything. A loose specimen in a container loses the tissue relationship that makes it informative.

Use ordinary wound principles consistently

Depending on the wound and clinician’s instructions, care commonly includes gentle cleansing, a protected moist-healing environment, an appropriate non-adherent dressing, control of pressure or friction, and treatment of surrounding inflammation. Repeated peroxide, bleach, solvents, pesticides, concentrated essential oils, scraping and digging can damage new epithelium and restart the wound-healing clock.

A wound that behaves atypically or fails to improve despite appropriate care may need dermatology or wound-clinic assessment. Culture is useful when clinical infection is suspected; a biopsy may be appropriate when inflammatory ulcer disease, vasculitis, malignancy, an unusual infection or another atypical cause is possible.

Clinician-performed debridement and biofilm management are mainstays of chronic-wound care and may be appropriate when a wound stalls. Professional debridement is a controlled clinical procedure based on the wound’s condition; it is distinct from self-debridement, scraping or digging, which can enlarge the injury and introduce contamination.

Do not manipulate the lesion

Repeated touching, picking, squeezing and inspecting is among the highest-yield things many patients can change. This is not an accusation about what caused the lesion. It is a supportive healing measure: repeated contact can reopen fragile tissue, increase inflammation, introduce organisms and make it impossible to tell whether the underlying wound is improving.

Treat confirmed secondary problems

A confirmed secondary bacterial infection deserves an appropriately selected antibiotic. That does not prove the infection created the entire Morgellons presentation. Likewise, independently diagnosed Lyme disease should be treated according to its clinical manifestation, but positive serology alone does not establish that a chronic skin lesion is caused by active Borrelia or justify indefinite antibiotic courses.

How to reach appropriate care

A primary clinician can be asked directly for a dermatology or wound-clinic referral, and dedicated wound-care centers exist for wounds that are complex or fail to close. Cost, insurance rules, transportation and limited local specialist availability are real barriers. Naming those constraints may help the clinician identify a reachable referral, coordinate basic testing or document why a higher level of wound care is needed.

Treat pain, sleep loss and social disability as real outcomes

Pain, itch and poor sleep can interfere with healing and make it harder not to touch or inspect the area. Visible lesions also create body-image and social consequences that ordinary symptom scales can miss. Treatment goals can therefore include wearing normal clothing, completing a workday, sleeping through the night, attending an event or going on a date—not merely reducing a lesion count.

Mental-health care can help with shame, hypervigilance, isolation or compulsive checking without requiring the patient to agree that every skin finding is imaginary. If antipsychotic medication is proposed because a clinician diagnoses delusional infestation, the indication, expected benefit and stopping rule should be discussed openly. Medication response cannot determine the composition or origin of a documented filament.

A single uncontrolled psilocybin case involving neuropsychiatric tick-borne illness is examined in the psilocybin section below. It concerns anxiety, insomnia and function—not lesions or wound healing.

These experimental modalities are covered because patients are actively asking about them—not because the evidence is strong or because they are endorsed treatment options.

Marijuana-Derived Options in Lesion Treatment: preliminary literature and major uncertainties

A 2024 systematic review identified 18 preclinical and clinical wound studies involving marijuana-derived compounds. The evidence was early, heterogeneous and dominated by laboratory and animal work. Human evidence comprised only seven small studies using varied preparations and indications — ranging from case reports to a few small randomized trials — none addressing Morgellons or chronic wounds of this type. No efficacy estimate transfers to a Morgellons lesion.

Findings from formulations studied in other wound settings are not transferable to Morgellons lesions, for which no controlled data exist. A standardized topical formulation under clinical observation is biologically and clinically different from smoking marijuana, taking an edible, or applying dispensary oil to broken skin.

What the early literature examines

  • Topical, standardized marijuana-derived compounds studied for pain and inflammation in other wound types
  • Preclinical observations involving re-epithelialization, bacterial burden and scar pathways
  • A small average chronic-pain benefit from some systemic products in other patient populations

What remains unknown

  • Whether any formulation speeds closure of a Morgellons lesion
  • Which compound, concentration, carrier or dosing schedule would be appropriate
  • Whether apparent improvement exceeds standard wound care alone
  • Whether marijuana changes filament production or recurrence

Evidence verdict on marijuana: The wound-healing literature is preliminary and hypothesis-generating. No controlled data exist for Morgellons lesions, findings from other wound types are not transferable, and product sterility and formulation issues prevent dispensary or homemade products from serving as substitutes.

Methylene-blue photodynamic therapy: preliminary indirect evidence

The methylene-blue literature most directly related to slow-healing wounds concerns topical methylene-blue photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT): a defined concentration is placed on a wound and activated with light of a specified wavelength and dose. No controlled Morgellons data exist, and findings from other wound types are not transferable.

A 2022 uncontrolled report described chronic wounds treated with standard care plus methylene blue and red-light activation. A 2023 systematic review of photodynamic therapy for infected diabetic foot ulcers reported preliminary class-level findings across small studies. Protocols varied, and results from diabetic ulcers cannot be assumed to transfer to Morgellons lesions.

What has been reported

  • Topical wound exposure rather than systemic exposure
  • Small uncontrolled studies in other wound types report changes in microbial burden, drainage or wound area
  • These reports are hypothesis-generating and not controlled Morgellons data

What has not been established

  • No controlled trial has tested MB-PDT in Morgellons lesions
  • No study shows that it changes filament production or the underlying cause
  • Light parameters, concentration and wound preparation cannot be improvised
  • Results from infected diabetic ulcers are not transferable

Topical MB-PDT is not the same as systemic methylene blue

The U.S. prescribing information for injectable PROVAYBLUE identifies acquired methemoglobinemia as its approved indication. A wound-clinic photodynamic procedure and systemic dosing are different interventions with different exposures and risks.

What a 2025 pediatric case report actually shows

A 2025 case report described an 8-year-old girl with atopic dermatitis who developed symptoms the authors considered consistent with topical steroid withdrawal. The family reported improvement after a low systemic dose of methylene blue among other measures. This was a single uncontrolled case with simultaneous interventions, subjective outcomes, and no Morgellons diagnosis. It does not establish methylene blue as a treatment for eczema, topical steroid withdrawal, chronic wounds or Morgellons, and a pediatric anecdote is not a dosing model for self-treatment.

Evidence verdict on methylene blue: MB-PDT remains an experimental, hypothesis-generating approach for Morgellons lesions. The pediatric topical-steroid-withdrawal report is an uncontrolled systemic-use anecdote, not wound or Morgellons evidence. No controlled Morgellons data exist. Product concentration, light parameters and treatment schedule require specialist control and cannot be improvised. Systemic use carries serotonin-syndrome, G6PD and product-purity risks.

Psilocybin: cellular aging and neuropsychiatric function are separate questions

Strand A: Cellular aging

A 2025 npj Aging brief communication reported experiments involving psilocin in cellular-aging models. The findings are scientifically interesting, but delayed replicative senescence is a different biological process from wound closure. The study did not test skin lesions, healing or Morgellons.

In continuously treated human fetal lung fibroblasts, psilocin delayed replicative senescence and increased cellular lifespan under laboratory conditions. Similar directional findings were reported in adult human skin fibroblasts. In one experiment with aged female mice, treated animals showed higher survival at a fixed endpoint than controls. These are preclinical observations only, with no established or mechanistically plausible link to closing a skin lesion.

What the study reported

  • Delayed senescence in two cultured human fibroblast models
  • Changes in oxidative-stress, telomere and aging-associated markers under continuous laboratory exposure
  • Higher survival at a fixed endpoint in one aged-mouse experiment

What the study cannot establish

  • Age reversal in a person or rejuvenation of injured human skin
  • Faster closure of any chronic wound or Morgellons lesion; senescence delay is not a wound-healing outcome
  • A safe human dose, schedule or long-term risk profile
  • Any effect on filaments, recurrence or Morgellons etiology

Extending the replicative lifespan of fibroblasts in a dish is not the same as closing a chronic lesion in a person. Transient cellular senescence is itself part of normal wound healing, so delaying senescence cannot be assumed to improve repair. The animal experiment involved one sex, was not blinded, and ended at a median-survival endpoint. There was no human aging trial and no dermatologic or wound-healing arm.

Evidence verdict on Strand A: One preclinical paper reported delayed cellular senescence and improved survival in aged mice. That is hypothesis-generating aging research, not evidence of human age reversal, wound healing or Morgellons treatment. No controlled Morgellons data or lesion evidence exist, and these findings are not transferable to wounds.

Strand B: Neuropsychiatric symptoms and function

The only psilocybin evidence anywhere near this population is a 2023 report by Kinderlehrer describing a single immunocompetent 70-year-old man with serologically positive polymicrobial tick-borne illness—reported as neuroborreliosis, babesiosis and bartonellosis—whose predominant neuropsychiatric symptoms included anxiety and insomnia. After he reportedly did not tolerate or respond to antimicrobial and psychotropic drugs, the patient self-administered low, intermittent, sub-hallucinogenic (“microdosed”) psilocybin, and the treating clinician reported remission of those symptoms. Taken at face value, the report concerns mood, sleep and function. It does not concern a lesion, wound closure, filaments or Morgellons.

What the case reported

  • One immunocompetent 70-year-old male with serologically positive polymicrobial tick-borne illness
  • Predominantly neuropsychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and insomnia
  • Reported symptom remission after self-administered, intermittent, sub-hallucinogenic psilocybin
  • A possible hypothesis for controlled research on neuropsychiatric outcomes

What the design cannot establish

  • An effect beyond expectation, placebo, spontaneous change or other influences in an n=1 report
  • Generalizable benefit from self-administered, unblinded treatment and subjective outcomes reported by the treating clinician
  • Efficacy for neuropsychiatric Lyme disease without controlled comparison or independent outcome assessment
  • Anything about lesions, wound healing, filaments or Morgellons
  • More than hypothesis generation from publication in an author-pays case-reports journal

The author is associated with the ILADS / “Lyme-literate” treatment community, and the report assumes a contested pathophysiology involving autoimmune-induced neuroinflammation and polymicrobial co-infection. That is context a reader deserves, but it is not the basis of the evidentiary verdict and is not an argument for or against ILADS. The same design-based reading applied to the pediatric methylene-blue case applies here: a single uncontrolled report can generate a question, but it cannot answer it.

Evidence verdict on the neuropsychiatric case: At face value, one patient’s anxiety and insomnia reportedly remitted during self-administered microdosed psilocybin. Because the report is n=1, unblinded, uncontrolled, subjective and clinician-reported, it is hypothesis-generating only. There are no controlled data from this report and nothing about lesion closure, filaments or Morgellons treatment.

Psilocybin can acutely alter perception, judgment, heart rate and blood pressure and can cause nausea, fear, confusion, panic or paranoia. Mushroom potency and identity are unreliable outside controlled research. Mushrooms, powders and extracts are not sterile wound products and should never be applied to an open lesion. Combining psilocybin with methylene blue is particularly inappropriate for self-experimentation because of the serotonergic / monoamine-oxidase interaction risk.

Evidence verdict on psilocybin across both strands: The cellular-aging study is preclinical and biologically separate from wound closure. The human case is an uncontrolled neuropsychiatric report about one tick-borne-illness patient. Neither provides lesion evidence, neither supports treatment of filaments or Morgellons, and no controlled Morgellons data exist.

Comparing Approaches to Morgellons Lesion Treatment

ApproachWhat it may addressMorgellons-specific evidenceMain limitation
Structured wound careCleansing, moisture balance, dressing selection, friction or pressure control and serial measurementEstablished chronic-wound principlesMust be matched to wound type and revised when closure stalls
Diagnosis-directed treatmentConfirmed infection, inflammatory disease, vascular problem, diabetes, nutritional issue or contact reactionEvidence comes from the independently diagnosed conditionA diagnosis must be demonstrated rather than inferred from a filament
Topical MB-PDTMicrobial burden and tissue repair investigated in selected chronic woundsNo controlled Morgellons data; preliminary reports from other wounds are not transferableRequires defined product, light protocol and specialist oversight
Topical marijuana-derived formulationsWound pain, inflammation and local healing pathways investigated in other wound typesNo controlled Morgellons data; preliminary reports from other wounds are not transferableNo standardized Morgellons product, dose or efficacy estimate
Systemic marijuanaPossibly a small average reduction in chronic painNo Morgellons lesion dataNo evidence of wound closure; cognitive, psychiatric, pulmonary and dependence risks
Systemic methylene blueNot an established chronic-wound treatmentOne uncontrolled pediatric topical-steroid-withdrawal case; no controlled Morgellons evidenceSerotonin syndrome, G6PD-related hemolysis and product-purity hazards
Psilocybin / magic mushroomsCellular-aging mechanisms in cultured cells and aged mice; neuropsychiatric symptoms in one tick-borne caseNo human lesion or Morgellons data; the only near-adjacent human report is a single neuropsychiatric tick-borne case, not lesion evidenceOne preclinical paper and one uncontrolled n=1 report; psychoactive, cardiovascular, psychiatric and product-identity risks
Psychological and behavioral supportSocial avoidance, body-image distress, sleep loss, checking or manipulationUseful as supportive care; does not determine lesion etiologyShould complement wound evaluation, not replace it

What a responsible lesion-treatment plan looks like

A responsible plan should make healing visible and stop ineffective experiments from continuing indefinitely:

  1. Define the wound. Record location, duration, dimensions, depth, edge, drainage, surrounding skin and previous treatments. Photograph any filament in its tissue context before removal.
  2. Investigate delayed healing. Consider infection, inflammation, circulation, glucose control, nutrition, medication effects, contact exposure, pressure, trauma and atypical ulcer causes.
  3. Stabilize basic wound care. Use a clinician-appropriate cleansing and dressing plan consistently before attributing change to an experimental addition.
  4. Protect the healing surface. Reduce touching, picking, squeezing and repeated inspection without treating those behaviors as proof of what caused the lesion.
  5. Escalate a stalled wound. Ask a primary clinician for dermatology or wound-clinic referral and discuss whether professional debridement or biofilm management is appropriate.
  6. Measure what matters. Use standardized photographs and wound area, 0-to-10 pain and itch scores, drainage, sleep, work or social function and adverse effects.
  7. Change one variable when possible. Starting several drugs, topicals and supplements together makes both benefit and harm difficult to identify.
  8. Predefine reassessment and stopping rules. Write down the review date, the minimum improvement required and the findings that require immediate cessation or escalation. No experimental protocol should continue without measurable benefit.

Questions to bring to a dermatologist or wound clinician

  • What features of this lesion explain why it is healing slowly?
  • Do the wound edge, drainage or surrounding skin suggest infection, inflammation, vascular disease, contact injury or an atypical ulcer?
  • Would culture, biopsy, vascular testing, glucose testing or nutritional assessment change management?
  • If the wound has stalled, would clinician-performed debridement, biofilm management or referral to a dedicated wound-care center be appropriate?
  • If cost, insurance, transportation or specialist availability limits access, what reachable referral or coordinated alternative can be arranged?
  • Given the absence of controlled Morgellons data and the non-transferability of other findings, if MB-PDT is discussed, what exact concentration, light wavelength, dose and treatment schedule would be used?
  • If a marijuana-derived topical is discussed, is it standardized and sterile, and what human wound evidence supports that formulation?
  • If psilocybin is raised, what evidence connects a cultured-cell aging result to lesion healing, and what psychiatric, cardiovascular and medication-interaction screening would be required?
  • Which outcomes will we measure, when will we reassess, and what is the stopping or escalation rule?

Frequently asked questions

What presentation is this article calling Morgellons?

The article focuses narrowly on slow-healing lesions accompanied by microscopic or barely visible filaments documented in tissue context. This is a working scope for discussing treatment, not a universally validated diagnostic definition.

Is methylene-blue photodynamic therapy the same as taking methylene blue?

No. MB-PDT applies a defined topical product and activates it with specified light parameters at the wound. Systemic dosing creates different exposures and risks and is not supported as a Morgellons wound treatment.

Can marijuana-derived products heal Morgellons lesions?

No controlled study has tested a marijuana-derived product on Morgellons lesions. Findings from other wound types are not transferable. Dispensary or homemade products are not sterile research formulations.

Do the psilocybin findings show that magic mushrooms reverse aging or heal lesions?

No. One 2025 paper found delayed replicative senescence in cultured fibroblasts and higher survival in one aged-mouse experiment. A separate 2023 n=1 report concerned anxiety and insomnia in a tick-borne-illness patient. Neither demonstrated human skin rejuvenation, wound closure or Morgellons benefit.

Does advice not to manipulate the lesion mean the patient caused it?

No. Reducing touching, picking, squeezing and repeated inspection is a supportive wound-healing measure, not a judgment about cause. Protecting fragile new tissue is useful regardless of why the lesion began.

Does anxiety mean the lesion is psychiatric?

No. A visible, painful or draining lesion can predictably cause anxiety, body-image distress and social avoidance. Treating those consequences can restore function without determining what originally caused the lesion.

The bottom line

The practical treatment target is the wound: close it, reduce pain and drainage, prevent infection, minimize scarring and help the patient return to ordinary social life. That work can begin without forcing a final answer about every Morgellons mechanism.

Three experimental topics appear in indirect literature but do not support Morgellons treatment claims. MB-PDT has preliminary findings from other chronic or infected wounds. Marijuana-derived formulations have predominantly preclinical findings plus limited uncontrolled human observations. Psilocybin has one cellular-aging and aged-mouse paper plus one uncontrolled neuropsychiatric tick-borne case; neither is lesion evidence. None has controlled Morgellons data, and findings from other conditions or laboratory systems are not transferable. Patients should not have to choose between premature certainty and therapeutic neglect.

Sources

  1. Akbarialiabad H, et al. Morgellons disease: a review on current evidence and the need for consensus, standardized criteria, and future randomized controlled trials. Archives of Dermatological Research. 2025.
  2. Pearson ML, et al. Clinical, Epidemiologic, Histopathologic and Molecular Features of an Unexplained Dermopathy. PLoS One. 2012.
  3. Bowers S, Franco E. Chronic Wounds: Evaluation and Management. American Family Physician. 2020.
  4. Niyangoda D, et al. Systematic review of marijuana-derived compounds in integumentary wound care. Pharmaceutics. 2024.
  5. Cesar GB, et al. Treatment of chronic wounds with methylene blue photodynamic therapy: a case report. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2022.
  6. Brandão MGSA, et al. Photodynamic therapy for infected foot ulcers in people with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. São Paulo Medical Journal. 2023.
  7. Jordan J, Rose-Ward S, Osei-Karikari K, Myles IA. Possible Treatment of Topical Steroid Withdrawal with Methylene Blue: A Case Report. Case Reports in Dermatology. 2025;17(1):438–443. DOI 10.1159/000548206. PMID 41064315. Single uncontrolled pediatric case.
  8. Kato K, et al. Psilocybin treatment extends cellular lifespan and improves survival of aged mice. npj Aging. 2025. Preclinical cell-culture and single-sex mouse research; no human wound study.
  9. DailyMed. PROVAYBLUE (methylene blue) prescribing information.
  10. NCCIH. Psilocybin for Mental Health and Addiction: What You Need To Know.
  11. Kinderlehrer DA. The Effectiveness of Microdosed Psilocybin in the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Lyme Disease: A Case Study. International Medical Case Reports Journal. 2023;16:109–115. DOI 10.2147/IMCRJ.S395342. PMID 36896410. Single uncontrolled neuropsychiatric case report; no lesion or wound evidence.

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